ZFS file system

Last updated: May 26, 2022

Intro

According to wikipedia, ZFS stand for Z File System, which is an open source file system and a logical volume manager licensed under the Common Development and Distribution License.

Main features

High storage capacity
Volume management
Data integrity
Snapshots and clones
Deduplication
Compression

Installing

Follow instructions for Debian on zfsonlinux website : https://github.com

Commands

Create a ZFS pool

Get disks ids :

root@host:~# ls -lah /dev/disk/by-id/

Create mount point :

root@host:~# mkdir /zfs

Create RAID 0 :

root@host:~# zpool create -f -m <mount_point> <pool_name> <type> <ids>

root@host:~# zpool create -f -o ashift=12 -m /zfs raid0_01 mirror scsi-SATA_WDC_WD20EARS-07_WD-WCAZA796741 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD20EARS-07_WD-WCAZB7569258 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD20EARS-07_WD-WCPZB7464217

create : Create pool
-f : Force pool creation. (Avoid "EFI label error" error).
-o ashift=12 : align zpool on clusters size (current disks work with 4K or 8k not with 512k).
-m : Mounting point. / by default.
pool_name : Pool name.
type : Pool type. Example : mirror (raid0), raidz3, raidz2 etc…
ids : Disks names included inside the pool (see /dev/disk/by-id directory).

Add a hot disk spare :

root@host:~# zpool add tank spare ada12

List pools :

root@host:~# zpool list

Print commands pool history :

root@host:~# zpool history raid0_01

Change pool mount point :

root@host:~# zfs set mountpoint=/zfs raid0_01

If the zfs volume doesn't mount on new system :

root@host:~# zpool export raid0_01

root@host:~# zpool import -a

root@host:~# zpool import -f raid0_01

Disable atime :

root@host:~# zfs set atime=off <pool>

Enable lz4 compression :

root@host:~# zfs set compression=lz4 <pool>

Enable zstd compression :

root@host:~# zfs set compression=zstd <pool>

Destroy a storage pool :

⚠️ this command destroys any data containing in the pool ⚠️

root@host:~# zfs destroy <pool>

Maintenance

Files system check (chkdsk equivalent)

Run a files system check :

root@host:~# zpool scrub raid0_01

Print datas check status :

root@host:~# zpool status

Clear the log :

root@host:~# zpool clear raid0_01

Print options

root@host:~# zfs get all <pool>

Replace drive in a RAID :

root@host:~# zpool replace pool1 ata-WDC_WD80EFZX-18ZW3NB_Z3K44HMB ata-ST8000DM002-1ZW212_ZX41X5MS

Monitoring

Print every pool informations :

root@host:~# zpool get all raid0_01

Print partition state :

root@host:~# zpool status -v raid0_01

Print IOs informations :

root@host:~# zpool iostat <second rate> <output number>

root@host:~# zpool iostat 5 10

Encryption

Encryption with dm-crypt

Disks encryption

root@host:~# cryptsetup --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha1 --iter-time 1000 --use-urandom -v luksFormat /dev/sdb1

root@host:~# cryptsetup --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha1 --iter-time 1000 --use-urandom -v luksFormat /dev/sdc1

root@host:~# cryptsetup --cipher aes-xts-plain64 --key-size 512 --hash sha1 --iter-time 1000 --use-urandom -v luksFormat /dev/sdd1

Open encrypted disks

root@host:~# cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdb1 zfs01

root@host:~# cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdc1 zfs01

root@host:~# cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdd1 zfs01

ZFS pool creation

root@host:~# zpool create -f -m /zfs raid0_01 mirror /dev/mapper/zfs01 /dev/mapper/zfs02 /dev/mapper/zfs03

Native encryption

Creating zfs pool

root@host:~# zpool create -f -m /zfs raid0_01 pci-0000:03:00.0-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1

Create dataset including native encryption

root@host:~# zpool create -o encryption=on -o keyformat=passphrase raid0_01/dataset01

source : linuxfr.org

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